Hot Isostatic Pressing (HIP) has been used successfully for many years to improve material properties and ensure component quality for the casting and powder metallurgy industry. Today HIP is also a proven technology to enable metal additive manufacturing for demanding industries such as aerospace, medical implants, energy and automotive.
For all Metal Additive Manufacturing technologies there will be internal defects in the as-printed condition formed during the printing process, often due to the layer-by-layer nature of the process. These defects such as lack-of-fusion between layers, gas pores originating from
the feedstock and residual sintering porosity will act as stress con- centrations and crack initiation points in the material which negatively influence the material properties.
A proven process for metal additive manufacturing
With typical pressures from 40 to 207 MPa (5,800 to 30,000 psi) and temperatures up to 2,000°C (3,632°F), the HIP process can eliminate the internal defects and achieve 100% of theoretical density of a mate- rial. The defect elimination and densification can improve the material’s fatigue properties ductility, fracture toughness and creep properties together with reduction of the scattering of properties.
Improved fatigue performance
Defect elimination by HIP for metal AM have been shown to give dramatic effects of the material’s fatigue performance. Up to 100 times fatigue life can be achieved by HIP.
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